Batch processing is a powerful approach for handling large volumes of requests efficiently. Instead of processing requests one at a time with immediate responses, batch processing allows you to submit multiple requests together for asynchronous processing. This pattern is particularly useful when:

• You need to process large volumes of data
• Immediate responses are not required
• You want to optimize for cost efficiency
• You're running large-scale evaluations or analyses

The Message Batches API is our first implementation of this pattern.

Message Batches API

The Message Batches API is a powerful, cost-effective way to asynchronously process large volumes of Messages requests. This approach is well-suited to tasks that do not require immediate responses, with most batches finishing in less than 1 hour while reducing costs by 50% and increasing throughput.

You can explore the API reference directly, in addition to this guide.

How the Message Batches API works

When you send a request to the Message Batches API:

1. The system creates a new Message Batch with the provided Messages requests.
2. The batch is then processed asynchronously, with each request handled independently.
3. You can poll for the status of the batch and retrieve results when processing has ended for all requests.

This is especially useful for bulk operations that don't require immediate results, such as:

• Large-scale evaluations: Process thousands of test cases efficiently.
• Content moderation: Analyze large volumes of user-generated content asynchronously.
• Data analysis: Generate insights or summaries for large datasets.
• Bulk content generation: Create large amounts of text for various purposes (e.g., product descriptions, article summaries).

Batch limitations

• A Message Batch is limited to either 100,000 Message requests or 256 MB in size, whichever is reached first.
• We process each batch as fast as possible, with most batches completing within 1 hour. You will be able to access batch results when all messages have completed or after 24 hours, whichever comes first. Batches will expire if processing does not complete within 24 hours.
• Batch results are available for 29 days after creation. After that, you may still view the Batch, but its results will no longer be available for download.
• Batches are scoped to a Workspace. You may view all batches—and their results—that were created within the Workspace that your API key belongs to.
• Rate limits apply to both Batches API HTTP requests and the number of requests within a batch waiting to be processed. See Message Batches API rate limits. Additionally, we may slow down processing based on current demand and your request volume. In that case, you may see more requests expiring after 24 hours.
• Due to high throughput and concurrent processing, batches may go slightly over your Workspace's configured spend limit.

Supported models

All active models support the Message Batches API.

What can be batched

Any request that you can make to the Messages API can be included in a batch. This includes:

• Vision
• Tool use
• System messages
• Multi-turn conversations
• Any beta features

Since each request in the batch is processed independently, you can mix different types of requests within a single batch.

Pricing

The Batches API offers significant cost savings. All usage is charged at 50% of the standard API prices.

How to use the Message Batches API

Prepare and create your batch

A Message Batch is composed of a list of requests to create a Message. The shape of an individual request is comprised of:

• A unique custom_id for identifying the Messages request
• A params object with the standard Messages API parameters

You can create a batch by passing this list into the requests parameter:

curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages/batches \
     --header "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
     --header "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
     --header "content-type: application/json" \
     --data \
'{
    "requests": [
        {
            "custom_id": "my-first-request",
            "params": {
                "model": "claude-sonnet-4-5",
                "max_tokens": 1024,
                "messages": [
                    {"role": "user", "content": "Hello, world"}
                ]
            }
        },
        {
            "custom_id": "my-second-request",
            "params": {
                "model": "claude-sonnet-4-5",
                "max_tokens": 1024,
                "messages": [
                    {"role": "user", "content": "Hi again, friend"}
                ]
            }
        }
    ]
}'

import anthropic
from anthropic.types.message_create_params import MessageCreateParamsNonStreaming
from anthropic.types.messages.batch_create_params import Request

client = anthropic.Anthropic()

message_batch = client.messages.batches.create(
    requests=[
        Request(
            custom_id="my-first-request",
            params=MessageCreateParamsNonStreaming(
                model="claude-sonnet-4-5",
                max_tokens=1024,
                messages=[{
                    "role": "user",
                    "content": "Hello, world",
                }]
            )
        ),
        Request(
            custom_id="my-second-request",
            params=MessageCreateParamsNonStreaming(
                model="claude-sonnet-4-5",
                max_tokens=1024,
                messages=[{
                    "role": "user",
                    "content": "Hi again, friend",
                }]
            )
        )
    ]
)

print(message_batch)

import Anthropic from '@anthropic-ai/sdk';

const anthropic = new Anthropic();

const messageBatch = await anthropic.messages.batches.create({
  requests: [{
    custom_id: "my-first-request",
    params: {
      model: "claude-sonnet-4-5",
      max_tokens: 1024,
      messages: [
        {"role": "user", "content": "Hello, world"}
      ]
    }
  }, {
    custom_id: "my-second-request",
    params: {
      model: "claude-sonnet-4-5",
      max_tokens: 1024,
      messages: [
        {"role": "user", "content": "Hi again, friend"}
      ]
    }
  }]
});

console.log(messageBatch)

import com.anthropic.client.AnthropicClient;
import com.anthropic.client.okhttp.AnthropicOkHttpClient;
import com.anthropic.models.messages.Model;
import com.anthropic.models.messages.batches.*;

public class BatchExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnthropicClient client = AnthropicOkHttpClient.fromEnv();

        BatchCreateParams params = BatchCreateParams.builder()
            .addRequest(BatchCreateParams.Request.builder()
                .customId("my-first-request")
                .params(BatchCreateParams.Request.Params.builder()
                    .model(Model.CLAUDE_OPUS_4_0)
                    .maxTokens(1024)
                    .addUserMessage("Hello, world")
                    .build())
                .build())
            .addRequest(BatchCreateParams.Request.builder()
                .customId("my-second-request")
                .params(BatchCreateParams.Request.Params.builder()
                    .model(Model.CLAUDE_OPUS_4_0)
                    .maxTokens(1024)
                    .addUserMessage("Hi again, friend")
                    .build())
                .build())
            .build();

        MessageBatch messageBatch = client.messages().batches().create(params);

        System.out.println(messageBatch);
    }
}

In this example, two separate requests are batched together for asynchronous processing. Each request has a unique custom_id and contains the standard parameters you'd use for a Messages API call.

When a batch is first created, the response will have a processing status of in_progress.

{
  "id": "msgbatch_01HkcTjaV5uDC8jWR4ZsDV8d",
  "type": "message_batch",
  "processing_status": "in_progress",
  "request_counts": {
    "processing": 2,
    "succeeded": 0,
    "errored": 0,
    "canceled": 0,
    "expired": 0
  },
  "ended_at": null,
  "created_at": "2024-09-24T18:37:24.100435Z",
  "expires_at": "2024-09-25T18:37:24.100435Z",
  "cancel_initiated_at": null,
  "results_url": null
}

Tracking your batch

The Message Batch's processing_status field indicates the stage of processing the batch is in. It starts as in_progress, then updates to ended once all the requests in the batch have finished processing, and results are ready. You can monitor the state of your batch by visiting the Console, or using the retrieval endpoint.

Polling for Message Batch completion

To poll a Message Batch, you'll need its id, which is provided in the response when creating a batch or by listing batches. You can implement a polling loop that checks the batch status periodically until processing has ended:

import anthropic
import time

client = anthropic.Anthropic()

message_batch = None
while True:
    message_batch = client.messages.batches.retrieve(
        MESSAGE_BATCH_ID
    )
    if message_batch.processing_status == "ended":
        break

    print(f"Batch {MESSAGE_BATCH_ID} is still processing...")
    time.sleep(60)
print(message_batch)

Listing all Message Batches

You can list all Message Batches in your Workspace using the list endpoint. The API supports pagination, automatically fetching additional pages as needed:

import anthropic

client = anthropic.Anthropic()

# Automatically fetches more pages as needed.
for message_batch in client.messages.batches.list(
    limit=20
):
    print(message_batch)

Retrieving batch results

Once batch processing has ended, each Messages request in the batch will have a result. There are 4 result types:

You will see an overview of your results with the batch's request_counts, which shows how many requests reached each of these four states.

Results of the batch are available for download at the results_url property on the Message Batch, and if the organization permission allows, in the Console. Because of the potentially large size of the results, it's recommended to stream results back rather than download them all at once.

#!/bin/sh
curl "https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages/batches/msgbatch_01HkcTjaV5uDC8jWR4ZsDV8d" \
  --header "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
  --header "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
  | grep -o '"results_url":[[:space:]]*"[^"]*"' \
  | cut -d'"' -f4 \
  | while read -r url; do
    curl -s "$url" \
      --header "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
      --header "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
      | sed 's/}{/}\n{/g' \
      | while IFS= read -r line
    do
      result_type=$(echo "$line" | sed -n 's/.*"result":[[:space:]]*{[[:space:]]*"type":[[:space:]]*"\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p')
      custom_id=$(echo "$line" | sed -n 's/.*"custom_id":[[:space:]]*"\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p')
      error_type=$(echo "$line" | sed -n 's/.*"error":[[:space:]]*{[[:space:]]*"type":[[:space:]]*"\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p')

      case "$result_type" in
        "succeeded")
          echo "Success! $custom_id"
          ;;
        "errored")
          if [ "$error_type" = "invalid_request" ]; then
            # Request body must be fixed before re-sending request
            echo "Validation error: $custom_id"
          else
            # Request can be retried directly
            echo "Server error: $custom_id"
          fi
          ;;
        "expired")
          echo "Expired: $line"
          ;;
      esac
    done
  done

The results will be in .jsonl format, where each line is a valid JSON object representing the result of a single request in the Message Batch. For each streamed result, you can do something different depending on its custom_id and result type. Here is an example set of results:

{"custom_id":"my-second-request","result":{"type":"succeeded","message":{"id":"msg_014VwiXbi91y3JMjcpyGBHX5","type":"message","role":"assistant","model":"claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Hello again! It's nice to see you. How can I assist you today? Is there anything specific you'd like to chat about or any questions you have?"}],"stop_reason":"end_turn","stop_sequence":null,"usage":{"input_tokens":11,"output_tokens":36}}}}
{"custom_id":"my-first-request","result":{"type":"succeeded","message":{"id":"msg_01FqfsLoHwgeFbguDgpz48m7","type":"message","role":"assistant","model":"claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Hello! How can I assist you today? Feel free to ask me any questions or let me know if there's anything you'd like to chat about."}],"stop_reason":"end_turn","stop_sequence":null,"usage":{"input_tokens":10,"output_tokens":34}}}}

If your result has an error, its result.error will be set to our standard error shape.

Canceling a Message Batch

You can cancel a Message Batch that is currently processing using the cancel endpoint. Immediately after cancellation, a batch's processing_status will be canceling. You can use the same polling technique described above to wait until cancellation is finalized. Canceled batches end up with a status of ended and may contain partial results for requests that were processed before cancellation.

import anthropic

client = anthropic.Anthropic()

message_batch = client.messages.batches.cancel(
    MESSAGE_BATCH_ID,
)
print(message_batch)

The response will show the batch in a canceling state:

{
  "id": "msgbatch_013Zva2CMHLNnXjNJJKqJ2EF",
  "type": "message_batch",
  "processing_status": "canceling",
  "request_counts": {
    "processing": 2,
    "succeeded": 0,
    "errored": 0,
    "canceled": 0,
    "expired": 0
  },
  "ended_at": null,
  "created_at": "2024-09-24T18:37:24.100435Z",
  "expires_at": "2024-09-25T18:37:24.100435Z",
  "cancel_initiated_at": "2024-09-24T18:39:03.114875Z",
  "results_url": null
}

Using prompt caching with Message Batches

The Message Batches API supports prompt caching, allowing you to potentially reduce costs and processing time for batch requests. The pricing discounts from prompt caching and Message Batches can stack, providing even greater cost savings when both features are used together. However, since batch requests are processed asynchronously and concurrently, cache hits are provided on a best-effort basis. Users typically experience cache hit rates ranging from 30% to 98%, depending on their traffic patterns.

To maximize the likelihood of cache hits in your batch requests:

1. Include identical cache_control blocks in every Message request within your batch
2. Maintain a steady stream of requests to prevent cache entries from expiring after their 5-minute lifetime
3. Structure your requests to share as much cached content as possible

Example of implementing prompt caching in a batch:

curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages/batches \
     --header "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
     --header "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
     --header "content-type: application/json" \
     --data \
'{
    "requests": [
        {
            "custom_id": "my-first-request",
            "params": {
                "model": "claude-sonnet-4-5",
                "max_tokens": 1024,
                "system": [
                    {
                        "type": "text",
                        "text": "You are an AI assistant tasked with analyzing literary works. Your goal is to provide insightful commentary on themes, characters, and writing style.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "type": "text",
                        "text": "<the entire contents of Pride and Prejudice>",
                        "cache_control": {"type": "ephemeral"}
                    }
                ],
                "messages": [
                    {"role": "user", "content": "Analyze the major themes in Pride and Prejudice."}
                ]
            }
        },
        {
            "custom_id": "my-second-request",
            "params": {
                "model": "claude-sonnet-4-5",
                "max_tokens": 1024,
                "system": [
                    {
                        "type": "text",
                        "text": "You are an AI assistant tasked with analyzing literary works. Your goal is to provide insightful commentary on themes, characters, and writing style.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "type": "text",
                        "text": "<the entire contents of Pride and Prejudice>",
                        "cache_control": {"type": "ephemeral"}
                    }
                ],
                "messages": [
                    {"role": "user", "content": "Write a summary of Pride and Prejudice."}
                ]
            }
        }
    ]
}'

In this example, both requests in the batch include identical system messages and the full text of Pride and Prejudice marked with cache_control to increase the likelihood of cache hits.

Best practices for effective batching

To get the most out of the Batches API:

• Monitor batch processing status regularly and implement appropriate retry logic for failed requests.
• Use meaningful custom_id values to easily match results with requests, since order is not guaranteed.
• Consider breaking very large datasets into multiple batches for better manageability.
• Dry run a single request shape with the Messages API to avoid validation errors.

Troubleshooting common issues

If experiencing unexpected behavior:

• Verify that the total batch request size doesn't exceed 256 MB. If the request size is too large, you may get a 413 request_too_large error.
• Check that you're using supported models for all requests in the batch.
• Ensure each request in the batch has a unique custom_id.
• Ensure that it has been less than 29 days since batch created_at (not processing ended_at) time. If over 29 days have passed, results will no longer be viewable.
• Confirm that the batch has not been canceled.

Note that the failure of one request in a batch does not affect the processing of other requests.

Batch storage and privacy

• Workspace isolation: Batches are isolated within the Workspace they are created in. They can only be accessed by API keys associated with that Workspace, or users with permission to view Workspace batches in the Console.

• Result availability: Batch results are available for 29 days after the batch is created, allowing ample time for retrieval and processing.

FAQ